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Bullectomy is a surgical procedure aimed at removing one or more bullae, which are large air-filled blisters or sacs that form in the lungs. These bullae can develop as a result of chronic lung conditions such as emphysema, where the destruction of lung tissue leads to the formation of these abnormal air spaces. The presence of bullae can cause various symptoms, including difficulty breathing, chest pain, and an increased risk of pneumothorax (collapsed lung). Bullectomy is typically performed when these symptoms are severe and other treatments have not been effective. The procedure involves making an incision in the chest to access the lungs, often through a thoracotomy (open chest surgery) or a less invasive approach such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). During the surgery, the surgeon identifies and removes the bullae, which can help to improve lung function and relieve symptoms. The remaining lung tissue is usually re-expanded, and the chest cavity is drained to remove any excess air or fluid. Despite its effectiveness, bullectomy carries potential complications. These can include postoperative infections, bleeding, or adverse reactions to anesthesia. There is also a risk of lung complications such as a persistent pneumothorax, respiratory distress, or impaired lung function. In some cases, there may be a risk of recurrence of bullae or ongoing symptoms. Adequate postoperative care, including monitoring for complications and respiratory therapy, is crucial to support recovery and improve the overall outcome of the surgery.